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<title>Shall (Should) hám will (would) feyilleri</title>
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<description><![CDATA[<p>1. <strong>Shall</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>will</strong> feyilleri tolıq feyiller emes, sebebi olardıń tek eki forması bar: h&aacute;zirgi m&aacute;h&aacute;l forması &ndash; <strong>shall, will</strong> h&aacute;m &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l forması &ndash; <strong>should, would</strong>. Bul feyillerden keyin tiykarǵı feyiller <strong>to</strong> janapayısız qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>shall be</strong> busy on Monday.<br />
D&uacute;yshembide men b&aacute;nt bolaman.<br />
He <strong>will come</strong> soon.<br />
Ol tez arada keledi.<br />
I said that I <strong>should be</strong> busy on Monday.<br />
D&uacute;yshembide men b&aacute;nt bolatuǵınımdı ayttım.<br />
He said that he <strong>would come</strong> soon.<br />
Ol tez arada keletuǵının ayttı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Awızeki s&oacute;ylewde t&oacute;mendegi qısqartıwlar qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I shall = <strong>I'll</strong><br />
I should = <strong>I'd</strong><br />
He will = <strong>he'll</strong><br />
he would = <strong>he'd</strong><br />
She will = <strong>she'll</strong><br />
she would = <strong>she'd</strong><br />
We shall = <strong>we'll</strong><br />
we should = <strong>we'd</strong><br />
You will = <strong>you'll</strong><br />
you would = <strong>you'd</strong><br />
They will = <strong>they'll</strong><br />
they would = <strong>they'd</strong><br />
shall not = <strong>shan't</strong><br />
will not = <strong>won't</strong><br />
should not = <strong>shouldn't</strong><br />
would not = <strong>wouldn't</strong> <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p><strong>SHALL</strong></p>
<p>1. <strong>Shall</strong> 1-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik sanda keler m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi is-h&aacute;reketti ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>shall be</strong> free tonight.<br />
Men b&uacute;gin keshte bos bolaman.<br />
<strong>Shall </strong>I <strong>see</strong> you tomorrow?<br />
Sizdi erteń k&oacute;remen be?<br />
We <strong>shall not have</strong> an English lesson tomorrow.<br />
Bizlerde erteń inglis tili sabaǵı bolmaydı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eskertiw: AQSHta birinshi bette <strong>shall</strong> ornına <strong>will</strong> qollanıladı, h&aacute;zirgi waqıtta Angliyada da usıǵan beyimlik bar.</p>
<p>2. <strong>Shall</strong> 1-bette soraw g&aacute;plerde buyrıq, k&oacute;rsetpe alıw maqsetinde qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Shall</strong> I <strong>close</strong> the window?<br />
&Aacute;ynekti jabayın ba?<br />
Where <strong>shall </strong>we<strong> wait</strong> for you?<br />
Sizdi qay jerde k&uacute;teyik? <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. <strong>Shall</strong> 2- h&aacute;m 3-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik sanda qollanılıp, modal m&aacute;nige iye boladı h&aacute;m <em>w&aacute;deni, buyrıqtı, qorqıtıwdı, eskertiwdi</em> bildiredi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->Tell her that she <strong>shall have</strong> the books tomorrow.<br />
Oǵan aytıń, kitaplardı erteń aladı.<br />
You <strong>shan't have</strong> any cause for complaint.<br />
Sizde shaǵım etiwge hesh qanday tiykar bolmaydı.<br />
You <strong>shall write</strong> your exercises at once.<br />
Siz shınıǵıwlarıńızdı d&aacute;rhal jazıwıńız kerek.<br />
They <strong>shall regret</strong> it if they do it.<br />
Eger solay islese, olar &oacute;kinedi. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>4. Juwabında <strong>shall</strong> qollanıwı m&uacute;mkin bolǵan soraw g&aacute;plerde 2-bet penen <strong>shall</strong> qollanıladı. H&aacute;zir <strong>will shall</strong>dı qısıp shıǵarmaqta:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Shall (will)</strong> you <strong>be</strong> eighteen or nineteen tomorrow? &mdash; I <strong>shall be</strong> nineteen.<br />
Erteń on segizge tolasız ba yamasa on toǵızǵa ma? &mdash; Men on toǵızǵa tolaman.<br />
<strong>Shall (will)</strong> you <strong>have</strong> an English or French lesson on Friday? &mdash; We <strong>shall have</strong> an English lesson.<br />
Juma k&uacute;ni sizde inglis tili sabaǵı boladı ma yamasa francuz tili sabaǵı ma? &mdash; Bizde inglis tili sabaǵı boladı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>5. <strong>Shall</strong> 3-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik sanda soraw g&aacute;plerde qollanıladı h&aacute;m modallasıp 3-bet ushın buyrıq yamasa k&oacute;rsetpe alıw maqsetinde qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->When <strong>shall</strong> they <strong>come</strong>?<br />
Olar qashan kelsin?<br />
<strong>Shall</strong> he <strong>wait</strong> for you at the hotel?<br />
Ol sizdi miymanxanada k&uacute;tsin be? <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p><strong>SHOULD</strong></p>
<p>1. Should (<strong>shall</strong>dıń &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;li) <strong>Infinitiv</strong> penen birge kelip &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi keler m&aacute;h&aacute;ldi (<strong>Future in the Past</strong>) jasawda k&oacute;mekshi feyil bolıp keledi h&aacute;m geypara jaǵdaylarda modal m&aacute;nisinde de keledi.</p>
<p>2. <strong>Should</strong> bas g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde bolǵanda, baǵınıńqı g&aacute;ptegi keler m&aacute;h&aacute;lde kelgen is-h&aacute;reketti ańlatıw ushın qollanıladı.</p>
<p>3. <strong>Should</strong> 1-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik sanda tek k&oacute;mekshi feyil bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I said I <strong>should be</strong> glad to see him.<br />
Men onı k&oacute;riwden quwanıshlı bolatuǵınımdı ayttım.<br />
I said that we <strong>should have</strong> a meeting on Monday.<br />
Men d&uacute;yshembi k&uacute;ni bizde jıynalıs bolatuǵının ayttım. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>4. <strong>Should</strong> 2 h&aacute;m 3-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik sanda qollanılıp <em>w&aacute;deni, q&aacute;wip-q&aacute;terdi, qorqıtıwdı, buyrıqtı</em> h&aacute;m <em>basqalardı</em> ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He said that Tom <strong>should have</strong> the books in a few days.<br />
Ol Tomnıń kitaptı bir neshe k&uacute;nnen keyin alatuǵının ayttı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>5. <strong>Should</strong> 1 h&aacute;m 3-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik sanda bas g&aacute;pindegi is-h&aacute;reket &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde bolǵan &oacute;zlestirme g&aacute;plerde qollanıladı h&aacute;m modal m&aacute;nige iye bolıp s&oacute;ylesiwshiden <em>buyrıq, tapsırma alıwdı bildirip z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti</em> ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I asked him where I <strong>should wait</strong> for him.<br />
Men onnan onı qay jerde k&uacute;tiwim kerek ekenligin soradım.<br />
I asked Nancy whether Tom <strong>should come</strong> in the morning.<br />
Men Nansiden Tomnıń azanda keliwi kerek yaki kerek emesligin soradım. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>6. <strong>Should</strong> h&aacute;zirgi h&aacute;m &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi noreal sh&aacute;rt g&aacute;pli qospa g&aacute;plerdiń bas g&aacute;pinde qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>should go</strong> there if I had time.<br />
Eger waqtım bolǵanda men ol jerge barar edim.<br />
We <strong>should have</strong> <strong>caught</strong> the train if we had walked faster.<br />
Eger tezirek j&uacute;rgenimizde biz poezdǵa &uacute;lgergen bolar edik. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>T&uacute;sindirme: AQSHta 1-bet penen de <strong>would</strong> qollanıladı. Angliyada da <strong>should</strong> ornına <strong>would</strong> qollanıwǵa beyimlik bar:</p>
<p>I <strong>would go</strong> there if I had time.</p>
<p>7. <strong>Should</strong> noreal sh&aacute;rt g&aacute;plerdiń baǵınıńqı g&aacute;pinde <em>boljawdıń j&uacute;z beriw itimallıǵınıń j&uacute;d&aacute; azlıǵın</em> ayrıqsha k&oacute;rsetiw ushın qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->If I <strong>should come</strong>, I shall speak to them about it.<br />
Eger men kele alsam edi, bul haqqında olar menen s&oacute;yleser edim.<br />
If he <strong>should refuse</strong>, they would be greatly disappointed.<br />
Eger ol bas tartsa, olardıń kewilleri qattı qalar edi. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>8. <strong>Should</strong> bas g&aacute;pleri <strong>it is important</strong> (<em>&aacute;hmiyetli</em>), it is necessary (<em>kerek, z&aacute;r&uacute;r</em>), <strong>it is desirable</strong> (<em>maqul, kerek</em>), <strong>it is impossible</strong> (<em>m&uacute;mkinshiligi joq, ilajı joq</em>), <strong>it is improbable</strong> (<em>itimaldan uzaq, m&uacute;mkin emes</em>), <strong>it is better</strong> (<em>jaqsısı</em>) sıyaqlı birikpelerden jasalǵan bas g&aacute;pli qospa g&aacute;plerdiń <strong>that</strong> penen baylanısqan baslawısh baǵınıńqı g&aacute;plerinde qollanıladı. Bul jaǵdayda bas g&aacute;ptegi <strong>be</strong> qaysı m&aacute;h&aacute;lde keliwine qaramastan, <strong>should</strong> dan keyin kelgen feyildiń <strong>Simple Infinitive</strong> forması <strong>to</strong> janapayısız keledi: <strong>should + V</strong></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->It is important <strong>that</strong> he <strong>should return</strong> tomorrow.<br />
Onıń erteń qaytıwı &aacute;hmiyetli.<br />
It is desirable <strong>that</strong> the agreement <strong>should be signed</strong> before May.<br />
Kelisimniń may ayınan aldın qol qoyılıwı &aacute;hmiyetli.<br />
It was necessary <strong>that</strong> the question <strong>should be settled</strong> without delay.<br />
M&aacute;sele keshiktirilmesten sheshiliwi kerek. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>T&uacute;sindirme:</p>
<p>1. <strong>It is possible</strong> (<em>m&uacute;mkin, b&aacute;lkim</em>), <strong>it is probable</strong> (<em>shaması, b&aacute;lkim, itimal</em>) birikpelerinen keyin bolımlı g&aacute;plerde <strong>may (might) + V</strong> qollanıladı, soraw g&aacute;plerinde <strong>should + V</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->It is possible that the steamer <strong>may arrive</strong> tomorrow.<br />
Itimal, paroxod erteń jetip keledi.<br />
Is it possible that the steamer <strong>should arrive</strong> tomorrow?<br />
Paroxod erteń jetip keliwi m&uacute;mkin be? <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>2. Bul jaǵdayda (&aacute;sirese AQSHta) k&oacute;binese <strong>should + V</strong> ornına <strong>Present Subjunctive</strong> (tilek meyli) qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->It is important that he return (=<strong>should return</strong>) tomorrow.<br />
Onıń erteń qaytıwı &aacute;hmiyetli.<br />
It is desirable that the agreement be signed (=<strong>should be signed</strong>) before May.<br />
Kelisimniń may ayınan aldın qol qoyılıwı &aacute;hmiyetli. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. Bul jaǵdayda baǵınıńqı g&aacute;p ornına k&oacute;binese <strong>for + atlıq (almasıq) + to + V</strong> konstrukciyası qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->It is important <strong>for him to return</strong> tomorrow. = It is important <strong>that he should return</strong> tomorrow.<br />
Onıń erteń qaytıwı &aacute;hmiyetli.<br />
It is desirable <strong>for the agreement to be signed</strong> before May. = It is desirable <strong>that the agreement should be signed</strong> before May.<br />
Kelisimniń may ayınan aldın qol qoyılıwı &aacute;hmiyetli. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>It is surprising</strong> (<em>tańqalarlıq, qızıq</em>), <strong>it is annoying</strong> (<em>ashıwlandıratuǵın, &aacute;tteń, &oacute;kinishli</em>), <strong>it is strange</strong> (&aacute;jayıp, tańqalarlıq, birt&uacute;rli), <strong>it is a pity</strong> (<em>&oacute;kinishli, ayanıshlı</em>) sıyaqlı <em>hayran qalıwdı, ashıwdı, quwanıshtı, &oacute;kinishti</em> bildiretuǵın birikpelerden keyin <strong>should + V</strong> de, feyildiń anıq meyli de qollanılıwı m&uacute;mkin:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->It is surprising that he <strong>should think</strong> so.<br />
It is surprising that he <strong>thinks</strong> so.<br />
Onıń solay oylawı tańqalarlıq. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eki baǵınıńqı g&aacute;p te birdey k&uacute;shke iye, biraq <strong>should + V</strong> <em>hayran qalıwdı, &oacute;kinishti, ayawdı</em> k&uacute;sheytedi. Joqarıdaǵı atı belgisiz s&oacute;z dizbeklerinen keyin s<strong>hould Simple Infinitive</strong> penen de, <strong>Perfect Infinitive</strong> penen de qollanıladı. Eger baǵınıńqı g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket bas g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket penen bir waqıtta j&uacute;z bergen bolsa, <strong>should + V</strong> qollanıladı, eger baǵınıńqı g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket bas g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reketten aldın j&uacute;z bergen bolsa, <strong>should + have + P.P.</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->It is strange that he <strong>should behave</strong> so.<br />
Onıń &oacute;zin bunday tutıwı (uslawı)birt&uacute;rli.<br />
It is strange that he <strong>should have behaved</strong> so.<br />
Bir qızıǵı, ol &oacute;zin usılay uslawı kerek edi. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>9. Bas g&aacute;pinde <strong>decide</strong> (<em>qarar etiw</em>, <em>sheshiw</em>), <strong>demand, require</strong> (<em>talap etiw</em>), <strong>insist</strong> (<em>qatań turıp talap etiw, orınlatıw, isletiw</em>), <strong>advise</strong> (<em>m&aacute;sl&aacute;h&aacute;t beriw, keńes beriw</em>), <strong>recommend</strong> (<em>usınıs etiw</em>), <strong>suggest, propose</strong> (<em>usınıs etiw</em>), <strong>agree</strong> (<em>kelisiw, k&oacute;niw</em>), <strong>arrange</strong> (<em>kelisimge keliw, kelisiw</em>), <strong>order, command</strong> (<em>buyırıw</em>) sıyaqlı <em>qatańlıqtı, shın kewilden islewdi, talaptı, m&aacute;sl&aacute;h&aacute;tti, kelisimdi, buyrıqtı</em> ańlatqan feyiller kelgen qospa g&aacute;ptiń tolıqlawıshı baǵınıńqı g&aacute;pinde <strong>should</strong> qollanıladı. Bas g&aacute;ptegi feyil qaysı m&aacute;h&aacute;lde bolıwına qaramastan, barlıq betlerdiń birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;pliginde <strong>should + V</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He suggested <strong>that</strong> the case <strong>should be postponed</strong>.<br />
Ol istiń keyinge qaldırılıwın usınıs etti.<br />
He recommended <strong>that</strong> the goods <strong>should be shipped</strong> at once.<br />
Ol tovarlardıń d&aacute;rhal j&uacute;kleniwin usınıs etti.<br />
The doctor insists <strong>that</strong> he <strong>should go</strong> to the South.<br />
Shıpaker onıń qublaǵa barıwın qatań turıp talap etti.<br />
The sellers demand <strong>that</strong> payment <strong>should be made</strong> within five days.<br />
Satıwshılar t&oacute;lemniń bes k&uacute;n ishinde &aacute;melge asırılıwın talap etti.<br />
He ordered <strong>that</strong> the steamer <strong>should be discharged</strong> at once.<br />
Ol paraxodtaǵı j&uacute;ktiń d&aacute;rhal t&uacute;siriliwin buyırdı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>T&uacute;sindirme: Joqarıdaǵı feyillerden keyin (&aacute;sirese AQSHta) <strong>should + V</strong> de, <strong>Present Subjanctiv</strong> te qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->The sellers demanded that payment <strong>be made</strong> (=<strong>should be made</strong>) within five days.<br />
Satıwshılar t&oacute;lemniń bes k&uacute;n ishinde &aacute;melge asırılıwın talap etti.<br />
He ordered that the steamer <strong>be discharged</strong> (= <strong>should be discharged</strong>) at once.<br />
Ol paraxodtaǵı j&uacute;ktiń d&aacute;rhal t&uacute;siriliwin buyırdı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>10. Bas g&aacute;ptegi bayanlawısh <em>&oacute;kinishti, tańlanıwdı, ashıwlanıwdı, quwanıshtı</em> bildiretuǵın feyillerden jasalǵan bolsa, olardıń m&aacute;h&aacute;line qaramastan, baǵınıńqı g&aacute;ptiń bayanlawıshında birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte <strong>should</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I am sorry that you <strong>should think</strong> so.<br />
Siziń usılay oylawıńız meni &oacute;kindiredi.<br />
I regret that you <strong>should not know</strong> it.<br />
Bunı bilmewińiz meni &oacute;kindiredi. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eger baǵınıńqı g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket bas g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket penen bir waqıtta j&uacute;z bergen bolsa, <strong>should + V</strong> qollanıladı, eger baǵınıńqı g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reket bas g&aacute;ptegi is-h&aacute;reketten burın j&uacute;z bergen bolsa, <strong>should + have + P.P.</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I am disappointed that he <strong>should work</strong> so little at his English.<br />
Onıń inglis tili &uacute;stinde sonshelli az islewi meniń kewlimdi qaldıradı.<br />
I am disappointed that he <strong>should have worked</strong> so little at his English.<br />
Onıń inglis tili &uacute;stinde sonshelli az islegenligi meniń kewlimdi qaldıradı.<br />
I was surprised that he <strong>should behave</strong> so.<br />
Onıń &oacute;zin usılay tutıwı meni hayran qaldırdı.<br />
I was surprised that he <strong>should have behaved</strong> so.<br />
Onıń &oacute;zin usılay tutqanlıǵı (uslaǵanlıǵı) meni hayran qaldırdı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Bunday baǵınıńqı g&aacute;plerde <strong>should + V</strong> menen bir qatarda feyildiń anıq meyli de qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I am surprised that he <strong>should not realize</strong> his mistake.<br />
I am surprised that he does not realize his mistake.<br />
Onıń &oacute;z q&aacute;tesin t&uacute;sinbewi meni hayran qaldıradı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>H&aacute;r eki baǵınıńqı g&aacute;p te derlik birdey m&aacute;nili; biraq <strong>should + V</strong> <em>&oacute;kinish, tańlanıw</em> h&aacute;m <em>basqalardı</em> k&uacute;sheytedi.</p>
<p>11. Bas g&aacute;ptegi feyildiń m&aacute;h&aacute;line qaramastan, maqset baǵınıńqı g&aacute;pte barlıq betlerde birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte <strong>should + V</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I'll ring him up at once <strong>so that</strong> he <strong>shouldn't wait</strong> for me.<br />
Ol k&uacute;tip turmawı ushın men oǵan d&aacute;rhal telefon etemen.<br />
I'll open the window <strong>so that</strong> it <strong>should be</strong> cooler in the room.<br />
B&oacute;lme salqın bolsın dep aynanı ashaman. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>12. Why menen baslanǵan tuwra h&aacute;m &oacute;zlestirilgen soraw g&aacute;plerde <em>tańlanıw, hayran qalıwdı</em> ańlatıw ushın <strong>should</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->Why <strong>should</strong> you <strong>dislike</strong> him so much?<br />
Ne ushın onı sonsha jaqtırmaysız?<br />
Why <strong>should</strong> you <strong>think</strong> that he is not capable of doing this work?<br />
Ne ushın siz onı bul isti isley almaydı dep oylaysız?<br />
I don't understand why you <strong>should be angry</strong> with him.<br />
Oǵan ne ushın ashıwlanıwıńızǵa men t&uacute;sinbeymen. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>13. <strong>Should</strong> minez-qulıq minnetin yamasa m&aacute;sl&aacute;h&aacute;tti (keńesti) ańlatadı:</p>
<p>a) is-h&aacute;reket h&aacute;zirgi yamasa keler m&aacute;h&aacute;lge tiyisli bolsa, <strong>should + V</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->You <strong>should call on</strong> him tomorrow.<br />
Siz onıń &uacute;yine erteń barıwıńız kerek.<br />
He <strong>should help</strong> them.<br />
Ol olarǵa j&aacute;rdem beriwi kerek.<br />
You <strong>shouldn't go</strong> there.<br />
Siz ol jerge barmawıńız kerek. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>b) is-h&aacute;reket &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lge tiyisli bolıp, bir adam &oacute;z minnetin orınlamaǵan h&aacute;m s&oacute;ylewshiniń pikirinshe nadurıs is islegen bolsa, <strong>should + have + P.P.</strong> qollanıladı h&aacute;m <em>eskertiwdi</em> yamasa <em>ayıplawdı</em> ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>should have helped</strong> them.<br />
Ol olarǵa j&aacute;rdem beriwi kerek edi.<br />
You <strong>shouldn't have gone</strong> there yesterday.<br />
Siz keshe ol jerge barmawıńız kerek edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>WILL</strong></p>
<p>1. <strong>Will</strong> 2 h&aacute;m 3-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte keler m&aacute;h&aacute;ldi jasawda k&oacute;mekshi feyil bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>will come</strong> to London soon.<br />
Ol jaqında Londonǵa keledi.<br />
<strong>Will</strong> you <strong>have</strong> a meeting tomorrow?<br />
Erteń sizlerde jıynalıs bola ma?<br />
You <strong>will see</strong> him tonight.<br />
Siz onı b&uacute;gin keshte k&oacute;resiz. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>2. Will 1-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte modal m&aacute;nisinde qollanıladı h&aacute;m keler m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi <em>q&aacute;lewdi, tilekti, maqsetti, kelisimdi</em> yamasa <em>w&aacute;deni</em> ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>will</strong> call on you tomorrow.<br />
Men erteń siziń &uacute;yińizge kirip &oacute;temen.<br />
We <strong>will</strong> help him.<br />
Biz oǵan j&aacute;rdem beremiz. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. <strong>Will</strong> &oacute;tinishti ańlatıw ushın qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Will</strong> you <strong>close</strong> the window?<br />
Aynanı jabıń, &oacute;tinish.<br />
<strong>Will</strong> you <strong>pass</strong> me the salt?<br />
Duzdı &aacute;perip jiberesiz be?<br />
<strong>Won't</strong> you <strong>have</strong> a glass of water?<br />
Bir stakan suw ishpeysiz be?<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>WOULD</strong></p>
<p>1. <strong>Would</strong> (<strong>will</strong> feyiliniń &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi forması bolıp) qospa g&aacute;ptiń bas g&aacute;pindegi feyil &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde bolǵanda baǵınıńqı g&aacute;pte, 2 h&aacute;m 3-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He said that he <strong>would come</strong> soon.<br />
Ol tez arada keletuǵının ayttı.<br />
I told him that you <strong>would leave</strong> London on Monday.<br />
Men oǵan siziń d&uacute;yshembi k&uacute;ni Londonnan ketetuǵınıńızdı ayttım. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>2. <strong>Would</strong> 1-bet birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte modal m&aacute;nisinde qollanıladı h&aacute;m <em>maqsetti, q&aacute;lewdi</em> yamasa <em>kelisimdi</em> bildiredi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I said I <strong>would help</strong> him.<br />
Men oǵan j&aacute;rdem beretuǵınımdı ayttım.<br />
We said that we <strong>would come</strong> to see him.<br />
Biz onı k&oacute;riwge keletuǵınımızdı ayttıq. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. <strong>Would</strong> haqıyqıy emes sh&aacute;rt g&aacute;pli baǵınıńqı g&aacute;plerdiń bas g&aacute;pinde qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>would go</strong> there if he had time.<br />
Eger onıń waqtı bolsa, ol jerge barar edi.<br />
You <strong>would have caught</strong> the train if you had walked faster.<br />
Eger tezirek j&uacute;rgenińizde poezdǵa &uacute;lgergen bolar edińiz. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>4. <strong>Would</strong> bolımsız g&aacute;plerde qollanılıp, &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde bir isti islewdi qattı q&aacute;lemewin ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He tried to persuade me, but I <strong>wouldn't listen</strong> to him.<br />
Ol meni isendiriwge h&aacute;reket etti, biraq men oǵan hesh qulaq salmas edim.<br />
I asked him several times to give up smoking, but he <strong>wouldn't</strong>.<br />
Men oǵan bir neshe m&aacute;rte temeki shegiwdi taslawdı ayttım, biraq ol taslamadı. <!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>5. <strong>Would</strong> &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde qaytalanıp turatuǵın is-h&aacute;reketti ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>would sit</strong> for hours on the shore and (<strong>would</strong>) look at the sea.<br />
Ol jaǵada saatlap otırıp h&aacute;m teńizge qaraytuǵın edi.<br />
I <strong>would call</strong> on him on my way home.<br />
Men &uacute;yge qaytıwda onıkine kirip turar edim.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Bul jerde <strong>would</strong> m&aacute;nisi <strong>used to</strong> m&aacute;nisine jaqınlasadı, biraq <strong>used to</strong> k&oacute;birek qollanıladı.</p>
<p>6. <strong>Would</strong> &oacute;tinishti ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Would</strong> you <strong>mind</strong> passing me the salt?<br />
Maǵan duzdı &aacute;perip jibere alasız ba?<br />
<strong>Would</strong> you <strong>tell</strong> me the time, please?<br />
&Oacute;tinish, waqıttı ayta alasız ba?<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>]]></description>
<category><![CDATA[Grammatika]]></category>
<dc:creator>bekan</dc:creator>
<pubDate>Wed, 19 Feb 2025 20:16:51 +0000</pubDate>
</item><item>
<title>To do feyili</title>
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<link>https://megaline.uz/index.php?newsid=119</link>
<description><![CDATA[<p>1. <strong>To do</strong> feyili anıq h&aacute;m belgisiz d&aacute;rejeniń barlıq m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde ulıwma qaǵıydalar tiykarında t&uacute;rlenedi. <strong>Onıń Simple Present</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;linde III bet birlikte <strong>does</strong> h&aacute;m qalǵan bet h&aacute;m sanlar ushın <strong>do</strong>, <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;linde <strong>did</strong> forması bar.</p>
<p>2. <strong>To do</strong> feyiliniń formaları j&aacute;rdemshi h&aacute;m modal feyillerden basqa barlıq feyillerdiń <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerindegi bolımsız h&aacute;m soraw formaların jasawda k&oacute;mekshi feyil xızmetinde keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Do</strong> you <strong>speak</strong> English?<br />
Siz inglisshe s&oacute;yleysiz be?<br />
He <strong>doesn't work</strong> here.<br />
Ol bul jerde islemeydi.<br />
<strong>Did </strong>you <strong>see</strong> him yesterday?<br />
Siz onı keshe k&oacute;rdińiz be?<br />
They <strong>didn't speak</strong> to me about it.<br />
Olar meniń menen bul haqqında s&oacute;ylespedi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;">3. </span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;">To do</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;"> feyili buyrıq g&aacute;plerdiń bolımsız formasın jasaw ushın k&oacute;mekshi feyil bolıp qollanıladı:</span></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Don't go</strong> there.<br />
Ol jerge barmań.<br />
<strong>Don't open</strong> the window.<br />
Aynanı ashpań.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>To be</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>to have</strong> feyilleriniń bolımsız buyrıq formaları da <strong>do</strong> k&oacute;mekshi feyili j&aacute;rdeminde jasaladı:</p>
<p><strong><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->Don't be</strong> angry.<br />
Ashıwlanbań.<br />
<strong>Don't have </strong>anything to do with him.<br />
Onıń menen aralaspań.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>4. <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde bolımlı g&aacute;plerde feyildiń m&aacute;nisin k&uacute;sheytiw ushın feyildiń tiykarǵı forması aldında <strong>do, does, did</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->&mdash; I am sorry you <strong>don't know</strong> my brother.<br />
&mdash; &Oacute;kinishli, aǵamdı bilmeysiz.<br />
&mdash; But I <strong>do know</strong> him.<br />
&mdash; Biraq men onı tanıyman.<br />
&mdash; Why doesn't he go to the reading-room?<br />
&mdash; Ne ushın ol oqıw zalına barmaydı?<br />
&mdash; But he <strong>does go</strong> there very often.<br />
&mdash; Biraq ol ol jerge jiyi barıp turadı.<br />
&mdash; Why didn't you speak to him?<br />
&mdash; Ne ushın siz onıń menen s&oacute;ylespedińiz?<br />
&mdash; But I <strong>did speak</strong> to him.<br />
&mdash; Biraq men onıń menen s&oacute;ylestim.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>5. <strong>To do</strong> feyili buyrıq g&aacute;plerdegi &oacute;tinishti k&uacute;sheytiw m&aacute;nisinde de barlıq feyillerden aldın, sonıń ishinde <strong>to be, to have</strong> feyillerinen aldın qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Do come</strong> tonight.<br />
B&uacute;gin keshte s&oacute;zsiz keliń.<br />
<strong>Do write</strong> to me a few lines.<br />
S&oacute;zsiz maǵan bir qatar xat jazıp jiberiń.<br />
<strong>Do have</strong> another cup of tea.<br />
J&aacute;ne bir kese shay ishiń.<br />
<strong>Do be</strong> reasonable.<br />
Oylanıp is tutıń. (Aqıllı bolıń.)<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>6. <strong>To do</strong> feyili <em>islew, orınlaw</em> m&aacute;nisinde tiykarǵı feyil bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>has done</strong> his exercises.<br />
Ol shınıǵıwların orınladı.<br />
They <strong>will do</strong> their work tonight.<br />
Olar jumısların b&uacute;gin keshte isleydi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde bolımsız h&aacute;m soraw g&aacute;plerde <strong>to do</strong> feyiliniń forması eki m&aacute;rte qollanıladı &mdash; bir m&aacute;rte k&oacute;mekshi feyil sıpatında, ekinshi m&aacute;rte tiykarǵı feyil sıpatında:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Does</strong> he <strong>do</strong> it?<br />
Ol bunı isley me?<br />
<strong>Did </strong>he <strong>do</strong> it?<br />
Ol bunı isledi me?<br />
I <strong>did</strong> not <strong>do</strong> it.<br />
Bunı men isledim.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
<category><![CDATA[Grammatika]]></category>
<dc:creator>bekan</dc:creator>
<pubDate>Wed, 19 Feb 2025 18:18:26 +0000</pubDate>
</item><item>
<title>Feyil (The Verb)</title>
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<link>https://megaline.uz/index.php?newsid=117</link>
<description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Feyil (The Verb) </strong></p>
<p>Ulıwma maǵlıwmatlar</p>
<p>Adamnıń yamasa zattıń is h&aacute;reketin yamasa jaǵdayın ańlatatuǵın s&oacute;zler <strong>feyil</strong> dep ataladı.</p>
<p>1. Feyiller <strong>&aacute;piwayı</strong>, <strong>jasalma</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>qospa</strong> boladı:</p>
<p>a) &aacute;piwayı feyillerdiń quramında qosımta yamasa aldınǵı qosımta bolmaydı;</p>
<p>b) jasalma feyillerdiń qosımtası yamasa aldınǵı qosımtası boladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->-<strong>en</strong>: to widen &mdash; keńeytiw<br /> to strength<strong>en</strong> &mdash; k&uacute;sheytiw<br /> -<strong>fy</strong>: to simpli<strong>fy</strong> &mdash; &aacute;piwayılastırıw<br /> to signi<strong>fy</strong> &mdash; ańlatıw, bildiriw<br /> -<strong>ize</strong>: to mobil<strong>ize</strong> &mdash; j&aacute;mlestiriw, tartıw<br /> to organ<strong>ize</strong> &mdash; sh&oacute;lkemlestiriw<br /> -<strong>ate</strong>: to demonstr<strong>ate</strong> &mdash; k&oacute;rsetiw<br /> <strong>un</strong>-: to <strong>un</strong>load &mdash; j&uacute;kti t&uacute;siriw<br /> to <strong>un</strong>tie &mdash; sheshiw<br /> <strong>re</strong>-: to <strong>re</strong>sell &mdash; qayta satıw<br /> to <strong>di</strong>sappear &mdash; ǵayıp bolıw<br /> to separate &mdash; ajıratıw<br /> <strong>dis</strong>-: to disarm &mdash; quralsızlandırıw<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>v) Qospa feyiller eki s&oacute;zden jasaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>to whitewash</strong> &mdash; aǵartıw, aqlaw<br /> <strong>to broadcast</strong> &mdash; radioda esittiriw<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eń keń tarqalǵan qospa feyiller:</p>
<p><strong>feyil + r&aacute;wish</strong></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>to come in</strong> &mdash; kiriw<br /> <strong>to take off</strong> &mdash; sheshiw<br /> <strong>to go on</strong> &mdash; dawam etiw<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>Feyildiń beti belgili h&aacute;m beti belgisiz formaları (Finite and non-finite forms of the verb)</strong></p>
<p>Feyildiń beti belgili (Finite Forms) h&aacute;m beti belgisiz (Non-Finite forms or Verbals) formaları bar.</p>
<p>1. <strong>Feyildiń beti belgili formaları</strong> bet, sanlıq, meyil, m&aacute;h&aacute;l, d&aacute;rejeni ańlatadı. Olar g&aacute;pte b&aacute;rqulla jalǵız &oacute;zi bayanlawısh bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->She lives in London. - Ol Londonda jasaydı.<br /> He is working in the library. - Ol kitapxanada islep atır.<br /> They were invited to the concert. - Olar koncertke shaqırıldı.<br /> My sister was here in the morning. - Meniń &aacute;japam azanda usı jerde edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--><br /> Buyrıq meyilindegi feyiller de feyildiń beti belgili formasına kiredi, sebebi ol g&aacute;pte t&uacute;sirilip qaldırılıp atırǵan baslawısh "<strong>you</strong>" dıń bayanlawıshı boladı:<br /> Close the window, please. - &Aacute;ynekti jabıń, &oacute;tinish.<br /><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;">2. </span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;">Feyildiń beti belgisiz formasına</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;"> &mdash; infinitiv (the Infinitive) h&aacute;reket atı, gerund (the Gerund) h&aacute;m kelbetlik feyil (the Participle) kiredi. Olarda bet, sanlıq h&aacute;m meyil joq h&aacute;m olar g&aacute;pte ǵ&aacute;rezsiz t&uacute;rde bayanlawısh bolıp kele almaydı:</span></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I have come here to speak to you (infinitiv g&aacute;pte maqset pısıqlawısh).<br /> Men bul jerge siz benen s&oacute;ylesiwge keldim.<br /> We discussed different methods of teaching foreign languages (gerund anıqlawısh).<br /> Biz shet tillerin oqıtıwdıń h&aacute;r qıylı usılların talqıladıq.<br /> The book lying on the table belongs to Mr. A. (anıqlawısh).<br /> Stol &uacute;stinde jatırǵan kitap mırza A.ǵa tiyisli.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>Feyildiń tiykarǵı formaları</strong></p>
<p>Inglis tilinde feyildiń &uacute;sh tiykarǵı forması bar: infinitiv (the Infinitive), &aacute;piwayı &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi forması (Simple Past) h&aacute;m &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyil forması (Past Participle). Olar barlıq m&aacute;h&aacute;l formaların jasawda qollanıladı.</p>
<p><em>Durıs h&aacute;m nadurıs feyiller</em></p>
<p>1. Feyiller &aacute;piwayı &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l (Simple Past) h&aacute;m &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyil (Past Participle) formalarınıń jasalıwına qarap durıs h&aacute;m nadurıs feyillerge b&oacute;linedi.</p>
<p>2. Durıs feyillerdiń Simple Past h&aacute;m Past Participle formaları feyil t&uacute;birine -<strong>ed</strong> qosımtasın qosıw arqalı jasaladı.</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->Infinitive | Simple Past | Past Participle<br /> to open&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | opened&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | opened<br /> to work&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | worked&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | worked<br /> to expect&nbsp; | expected&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | expected<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. Simple Past h&aacute;m Past Participle formaları -<strong>ed</strong> qosımtasın qospastan, h&aacute;r qıylı jollar menen jasalatuǵın feyiller nadurıs feyiller dep ataladı. Nadurıs feyillerdiń &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l h&aacute;m &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyil formaların biz sabaqlıqlardaǵı arnawlı kestelerden yamasa s&oacute;zlikten &uacute;yrenemiz.</p>
<p>Kestedegi feyildiń ekinshi forması Simple Past forması, &uacute;shinshi forması bolsa Past Participle forması bolıp tabıladı. S&oacute;zliklerde bolsa nadurıs feyillerdiń Simple Past h&aacute;m Past Participle formaları feyildiń tiykarǵı forması h&aacute;m oqılıwınan keyin kishi qawsırma ( ) ishinde berilgen boladı. Kishi qawsırma ishindegi birinshi forma feyildiń Simple Past forması, ekinshi forma bolsa feyildiń Past Participle forması bolıp esaplanadı. Eger kishi qawsırma ishinde tek bir forma berilgen bolsa, sol bir forma h&aacute;m Simple Past ushın, h&aacute;m Past Participle ushın qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->go [gou] 1. v (went; gone) 1) barıw<br /> send [send] 1. v (sent) 1) jiberiw<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>FEYIL T&Uacute;RLERI</strong></p>
<p>1. M&aacute;nisine h&aacute;m g&aacute;ptegi xızmetine qaray feyiller t&oacute;mendegi t&uacute;rlerge b&oacute;linedi: <strong>tiykarǵı feyiller, j&aacute;rdemshi feyiller, baylanıstırıwshı feyiller </strong>h&aacute;m<strong> modal feyiller</strong>.</p>
<p>2. <strong>Tiykarǵı feyiller (Notional Verbs)</strong> &oacute;z aldına m&aacute;nige iye bolıp, g&aacute;pte jeke &oacute;zi &aacute;piwayı bayanlawısh bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>speaks</strong> French. - Ol francuz tilinde s&oacute;yleydi.<br /> They <strong>returned</strong> yesterday. - Olar keshe qaytıp keldi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. <strong>J&aacute;rdemshi feyiller (Auxilliary Verbs)</strong> &oacute;z aldına m&aacute;nige iye bolmastan, feyildiń quramalı formaların jasawda j&aacute;rdem beredi. Olarǵa t&oacute;mendegi feyiller kiredi: <strong>to be, to have, to do, shall (should), will (would)</strong>:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->She <strong>is working</strong> in the garden. - Ol baǵda islep atır.<br /> I <strong>have read</strong> the book. - Men kitaptı oqıp shıqtım.<br /> I <strong>do not know</strong> it. - Men onı bilmeymen.<br /> He <strong>will speak</strong> to his friend. - Ol dostı menen s&oacute;ylesedi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>4. <strong>Baylanıstırıwshı feyiller (Link Verbs)</strong> atlıq-bayanlawısh jasawda jalǵawshı bolıp keledi. Eń k&oacute;p qollanılatuǵın jalǵ&aacute;wshı feyil <strong>to be </strong>feyili bolıp tabıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>is</strong> an engineer. - Ol - injener.<br /> The box <strong>was</strong> heavy. - Qutı awır edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>5. <strong>Modal feyiller (Modal Verbs)</strong> feyildiń tiykarǵı forması (infinitiv) menen birge keledi h&aacute;m tiykarǵı feyil ańlatqan is-h&aacute;rekettiń &aacute;melge asıw <strong>m&uacute;mkinshiligin, itimallıǵın, z&aacute;r&uacute;rligin, q&aacute;lewdi</strong> bildiredi. Olarǵa <strong>can, may, must, ought to, need</strong> kiredi. Modal feyiller feyildiń tiykarǵı forması menen g&aacute;pte qospa feyil-bayanlawısh bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>can read</strong> German. - Ol nemis tilinde oqıy aladı.<br /> I <strong>must do</strong> it at once. - Men bunı d&aacute;rhal islewim kerek.<br /> You <strong>may come</strong> soon. - Siz jaqında keliwińiz m&uacute;mkin.<br /> You <strong>ought to</strong> <strong>help</strong> him. - Siz oǵan j&aacute;rdem beriwińiz kerek.<br /> You <strong>needn't go</strong> there. - Siz ol jerge barmasańız da boladı.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>J&aacute;rdemshi feyiller (Auxiliary verbs)</strong></p>
<p><em>Ulıwma maǵlıwmatlar</em></p>
<p>1. <strong>To be, to have, to do, shall (should), will (would)</strong> feyilleri j&aacute;rdemshi <strong>(Auxiliary Verbs)</strong> feyiller dep ataladı, sebebi olardıń j&aacute;rdeminde feyildiń h&aacute;r qıylı quramalı formaları jasaladı. Joqarıdaǵı feyiller <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;lleriniń bolımlı formasınan basqa barlıq feyil m&aacute;h&aacute;llerin jasawda qollanıladı. J&aacute;rdemshi feyillerdiń ǵ&aacute;rezsiz m&aacute;nisi bolmaydı, m&aacute;nini olar menen birge kelgen tiykarǵı feyiller beredi. Olar m&aacute;h&aacute;ldi, betti, sandı, qatnastı h&aacute;m basqalardı ańlatıwda qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>am</strong> reading. - Men oqıp atırman.<br /> They <strong>have</strong> come. - Olar keldi.<br /> <strong>Do</strong> you speak English? - Siz inglisshe s&oacute;yleysiz be?<br /> He <strong>will</strong> return soon. - Ol jaqın arada qaytadı.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>2. Geyde <strong>to be, to have, shall (should), will (would)</strong> feyilleri modal feyil m&aacute;nisinde kelip z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti, q&aacute;lewdi, niyetti ańlatadı.</p>
<p>3. Geyde <strong>to be</strong> <em>bolıw</em>, <strong>to have</strong> <em>iye bolıw</em>, <strong>to do</strong> <em>islew</em> feyilleri m&aacute;nisinde tiykarǵı feyil bolıp ta keledi.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>TO BE FEYILI</strong></p>
<p>1. Basqa feyillerden &oacute;zgeshe <strong>to be</strong> feyiliniń <strong>Simple Present</strong>-te 1-bet birlikte, 3-bet birlikte h&aacute;m k&oacute;plikte &oacute;z aldına-ayırım formaları bar: I <strong>am</strong>, he (she, it) <strong>is</strong>, we (you, they) <strong>are</strong>.</p>
<p>2. <strong>To be</strong> feyiliniń <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;linde birlik h&aacute;m k&oacute;plik ushın ayırım formaları bar: I (he, she, it) <strong>was</strong>, we (you, they) <strong>were</strong>.</p>
<p>3. Bolımsız g&aacute;pler jasawda <strong>to be</strong> feyiliniń tiyisli formasınan keyin <strong>not</strong> biykarlaw janapayı qoyıladı: <strong>I am not, I was not</strong>.</p>
<p>4. Soraw g&aacute;pler jasawda <strong>to be</strong> feyiliniń forması baslawıshdan aldıǵa &oacute;tkeriledi: <strong>Am I? Was I?</strong></p>
<p>5. <strong>To be</strong> feyili tek eki dawam etiwshi m&aacute;h&aacute;lde qollanıladı: <strong>Present Continuous</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Past Continuous</strong>-ta h&aacute;m tiykarınan belgisiz d&aacute;rejede: I<strong> am being</strong> invited, I <strong>was being</strong> invited.</p>
<p>6. <strong>To be</strong> feyili <strong>Perfect Continuous</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde qollanılmaydı.</p>
<p>7. <strong>To be</strong> feyiliniń bolımsız buyrıq forması ulıwma qaǵıydaǵa tiykarlanıp, onıń aldına <strong>do not (don't)</strong> ti qosıw menen jasaladı: <strong>Don't be</strong> angry. Ashıwlanbań. <strong>Don't be</strong> late. Keshikpeń.</p>
<p>8. Awızeki s&oacute;ylewde <strong>Simple Present</strong>-tiń bolımlı formasında &aacute;dette t&oacute;mendegi qısqartıwlar j&uacute;z beredi:</p>
<p>I am = <strong>I'm</strong></p>
<p>We are = <strong>we're</strong></p>
<p>you are = <strong>you're</strong></p>
<p>You are = <strong>You're</strong></p>
<p>He is = <strong>he's</strong></p>
<p>She is = <strong>she's</strong></p>
<p>It is = <strong>it's</strong></p>
<p>They are = <strong>they're</strong></p>
<p><strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde t&oacute;mendegi qısqartıwlar j&uacute;z beredi:</p>
<p>I am not = <strong>I'm not</strong></p>
<p>He is not = <strong>he's not</strong> yamasa <strong>he isn't</strong></p>
<p>She is not = <strong>she's not</strong> yamasa <strong>she isn't</strong></p>
<p>It is not = <strong>it's not</strong> yamasa <strong>it isn't</strong></p>
<p>We are not = <strong>we're not</strong> yamasa <strong>we aren't</strong></p>
<p>You are not = <strong>you're not</strong> yamasa <strong>you aren't</strong></p>
<p>They are not = <strong>they're not</strong> yamasa <strong>they aren't</strong></p>
<p>I (he, she, it) <strong>was not</strong> = I (he, she, it) <strong>wasn't</strong></p>
<p>We (you, they) <strong>were not</strong> = we (you, they) <strong>weren't</strong></p>
<p>9. <strong>To be</strong> feyili j&aacute;rdemshi feyil bolıp keledi:</p>
<p>a) H&aacute;zirgi m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyili (<strong>Present Participle</strong>) menen birge kelip barlıq dawam etiwshi (<strong>Continuous</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Perfect Continuous</strong>) m&aacute;h&aacute;llerdi jasawda qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>am writing</strong> a letter. Men xat jazıp atırman.<br /> She <strong>was doing</strong> her lessons at five. Ol saat beste sabaqların islep atırǵan edi.<br /> I <strong>shall be working</strong> at three o'clock. Men saat &uacute;shte islep atırǵan bolaman.<br /> It <strong>has been raining</strong> since morning. Azannan beri jawın jawıp atır.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>b) &Oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyili (<strong>Past Participle</strong>) menen birge kelip belgisiz d&aacute;rejeniń barlıq m&aacute;h&aacute;llerin jasaydı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>is</strong> often <strong>invited</strong> there. Onı ol jerge tez-tezden mir&aacute;t etedi.<br /> He <strong>was</strong> <strong>asked</strong> a difficult question. Onnan qıyın soraw soradı.<br /> The translation <strong>will be finished</strong> tomorrow. Awdarma erteń pitkeriledi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>10. <strong>To be</strong> feyili atlıq-bayanlawıshlarda d&aacute;neker bolıp keledi h&aacute;m - edi, boladı, bolıp tabıladı dep awdarıladı. Qaraqalpaq tilinde h&aacute;zirgi m&aacute;h&aacute;lde k&oacute;binese t&uacute;sip qaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>is</strong> an engineer. Ol &mdash; injener.<br /> He <strong>is</strong> the best student in the first course. Ol birinshi kursta eń jaqsı student.<br /> The story <strong>was</strong> interesting. G&uacute;rriń qızıqlı edi.<br /> She <strong>will be</strong> a teacher next year. Ol kelesi jılı muǵallim boladı.<br /> The task of our representatives <strong>was</strong> to ship the goods immediately. W&aacute;killerimizdiń wazıypası tovarlardı d&aacute;rhal j&uacute;klew edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>11. <strong>To be</strong> feyili tiykarǵı feyil bolıp keledi h&aacute;m bolıw, jaylasıw m&aacute;nisin beredi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>is</strong> at the Institute now. Ol h&aacute;zir institutta.<br /> She <strong>was</strong> in Nukus during the summer. Ol jazda N&oacute;kiste edi.<br /> I <strong>shall be</strong> at home tonight. Men b&uacute;gin keshte &uacute;yde bolaman.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>H&aacute;zirgi m&aacute;h&aacute;l bolımsız formada <strong>to be</strong> feyili <em>emes</em> dep awdarıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>isn't</strong> at home. Ol &uacute;yde emes.<br /> They <strong>are not</strong> in London. Olar Londonda emes.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>2. <strong>To be</strong> feyili tiykarǵı feyildiń to janapayı menen kelgen forması menen birge kelip modallasadı h&aacute;m aldın ala kelisilgen yamasa jobalastırılǵan z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti ańlatadı:</p>
<p><strong>am is are + to + V</strong></p>
<p><strong>was were</strong></p>
<p>Bul jerde: <strong>V</strong> = feyildiń tiykarǵı forması.</p>
<p><strong>To be</strong> feyiliniń h&aacute;zirgi m&aacute;h&aacute;l formaları <strong>am, is, are</strong> <em>kerek</em> dep awdarıladı h&aacute;m h&aacute;zirgi yamasa keler m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->They <strong>are to begin</strong> this work at once. Olar bul jumıstı d&aacute;rhal baslawı kerek.<br /> He <strong>is to come</strong> here tomorrow. Ol bul jerge erteń keliwi kerek.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>To be</strong> feyiliniń &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;ldegi formaları <strong>was, were</strong> <strong>Simple Infinitive</strong> penen kelgende <em>kerek edi</em> dep awdarıladı h&aacute;m is-h&aacute;reketti &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde orınlaw z&aacute;r&uacute;rligin ańlatadı. Bul birikpe sol is-h&aacute;rekettiń orınlanǵan-orınlanbaǵanlıǵına anıqlıq kirgizbeydi h&aacute;m bul p&uacute;tkil g&aacute;pten belgili bolıwı m&uacute;mkin:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>was to send </strong>him a telegram, but I forgot.<br /> Men oǵan telegramma jiberiwim kerek edi, biraq umıtıppan.<br /> The goods <strong>were to be delivered</strong> at the end of the month.<br /> Tovarlar aydıń aqırında jetkerip beriliwi kerek edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>Was, were Perfect Infinitive</strong> penen kelgende &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde orınlanıwı kerek bolǵan, biraq orınlanbaǵan is-h&aacute;reketti ańlatadı:</p>
<p><strong>Was + to + have + P.P.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Were</strong></p>
<p>Bul jerde: <strong>P. P.</strong> = Past Particiciple = &Oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyil.</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>was to have finished</strong> my work yesterday.<br /> Men jumısımdı keshe pitkeriwim kerek edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--><br /> Keler m&aacute;h&aacute;lde <strong>to be</strong> z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti ańlatıw ushın qollanılmaydı.<br /><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;">Eskertpe: </span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;">To be</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; word-spacing: 0.1em;"> feyilinen keyin belgisiz d&aacute;rejeniń infinitivi kelip, z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikten tısqarı itimallıqtı da ańlatıwı m&uacute;mkin.</span></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->Such books <strong>are to be found </strong>in all libraries.<br /> Bunday kitaplar barlıq kitapxanalardan tabılıwı m&uacute;mkin.<br /> Many new beautiful buildings <strong>are to be seen</strong> in the streets of our town.<br /> Qalamız k&oacute;shelerinde k&oacute;p jańa &aacute;jayıp imaratlardı k&oacute;riw m&uacute;mkin.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p><strong>TO HAVE FEYILI</strong></p>
<p>1. <strong>To have</strong> feyiliniń <strong>Simple Present</strong> formasında eki t&uacute;ri bar: 3-bet birlikte <strong>has</strong> &mdash; he (she, it) <strong>has</strong> h&aacute;m qalǵanları ushın <strong>have</strong> &mdash; I (we, you, they) <strong>have</strong>.</p>
<p>2. <strong>To have</strong> feyili tek <strong>to have dinner, to have a talk</strong> sıyaqlı birikpelerde kelgende dawam etiwshi m&aacute;h&aacute;llerde qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->He <strong>was having dinner</strong> when I came.<br /> Men kelgenimde ol awqatlanıp atırǵan edi.<br /> He <strong>is having a talk</strong> with his father in the garden.<br /> Ol baǵda &aacute;kesi menen s&aacute;wbetlesip atır.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>3. <strong>To have</strong> feyili j&aacute;rdemshi feyil bolıp keledi h&aacute;m &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;l kelbetlik feyil (<strong>Past Participle</strong>) menen birge kelip <strong>Perfect</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerin jasaydı.</p>
<p><strong>Have</strong></p>
<p><strong>Has + P. P.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Had</strong></p>
<p><strong>Shall (will) have</strong></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>have seen</strong> the new film.<br /> Men jańa filmdi k&oacute;rdim.<br /> I <strong>had finished</strong> my work by five o'clock.<br /> Men jumısımdı besten aldın pitkergen edim.<br /> I <strong>shall have</strong> translated the article by ten o'clock.<br /> Men saat onǵa shekem maqalanı awdarıp bolaman.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p><strong>Present Perfect</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Past Perfect</strong> formalarında t&oacute;mendegi qısqartıwlar qollanıladı:</p>
<p>I have written = <strong>I've written;</strong></p>
<p>I have not written <strong>= I've not written</strong> = <strong>I haven't written</strong>;</p>
<p>He has written = <strong>he's written;</strong></p>
<p>He has not written = <strong>he's not written = he hasn't written;</strong></p>
<p>I had written = I'd written;</p>
<p>I had not written = <strong>I'd not written = I hadn't written</strong> h&aacute;m t.b.</p>
<p>4. To have feyili <em>bar bolıw, iye bolıw</em> m&aacute;nisinde tiykarǵı feyil bolıp keledi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>have</strong> a good watch.<br /> Meniń jaqsı saatım bar.<br /> He <strong>had</strong> a large library.<br /> Onıń &uacute;lken kitapxanası bar edi.<br /> We <strong>shall</strong> soon <strong>have</strong> a new radio set.<br /> Bizlerde jaqında jańa radioqabıllaǵısh boladı.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>5. Soraw formasın jasawda <strong>Simple Present </strong>h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> formalarında <strong>to have</strong> feyiliniń tiyisli forması baslawıshtıń aldına &oacute;tedi:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Have</strong> you a good watch?<br /> Jaqsı saatıńız bar ma?<br /> <strong>Had</strong> he a large library?<br /> Onıń &uacute;lken kitapxanası bar edi me?<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Biraq <strong>Simple Past</strong> formasınıń soraw forması k&oacute;binese <strong>to do</strong> j&aacute;rdemshi feyili j&aacute;rdeminde de jasaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Did</strong> he <strong>have</strong> a large library?<br /> Onıń &uacute;lken kitapxanası bar edi me?<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>6. <strong>To have</strong> feyiliniń bolımsız forması onıń formalarınan keyin <strong>not</strong> janapayın qosıp qısqartıw arqalı jasaladı. <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> formalarında qısqartıwlar <strong>haven't, hasn't, hadn't</strong> boladı. Olardan keyin sanalatuǵın birliktegi atlıq belgisiz artikl menen, k&oacute;pliktegi sanalatuǵın atlıq h&aacute;m sanalmaytuǵın atlıq <strong>any</strong> almasıǵı menen qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>haven't </strong>a watch.<br /> Meniń saatım joq.<br /> He <strong>hasn't any</strong> books on this subject.<br /> Onda bul tarawda kitaplar joq.<br /> I <strong>hadn't any</strong> time to go there.<br /> Meniń ol jerge barıwǵa waqtım joq edi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Barlıq quramalı formalarda bolımsız <strong>not</strong> birinshi j&aacute;rdemshi feyilden keyin qoyıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>shall not (shan't) have</strong> any time to go there tomorrow.<br /> Meniń erteń ol jerge barıwǵa hesh qanday waqtım bolmaydı.<br /> I <strong>have not (haven't) had</strong> any time to go there today.<br /> Meniń b&uacute;gin ol jerge barıwǵa hesh qanday waqtım bolmadı.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Bolımsız g&aacute;pler <strong>no </strong>almasıǵı j&aacute;rdeminde de jasalıwı m&uacute;mkin. Bunda <strong>no</strong> atlıqtan aldın qoyıladı h&aacute;m atlıqtıń aldında artikl de, <strong>any </strong>almasıǵı da qoyılmaydı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>have no</strong> watch.<br /> Meniń saatım joq.<br /> He <strong>has no books</strong> on this subject.<br /> Onıń bul taraw boyınsha kitapları joq.<br /> I <strong>had no </strong>time to go there.<br /> Meniń ol jerge barıwǵa waqtım bolmadı.<br /> <strong>I'll have no</strong> time to go there tomorrow.<br /> Meniń erteń ol jerge barıwǵa waqtım bolmaydı.<br /> <strong>I've had no</strong> time to go there today.<br /> Meniń b&uacute;gin ol jerge barıwǵa waqtım bolmadı.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Bolımsızlıqtıń <strong>have (has, had) no</strong> forması k&oacute;birek qollanıladı. Feyildiń bolımsız forması bolsa g&aacute;ptiń bolımsızlıq m&aacute;nisin k&uacute;sheytiwde qollanıladı. Qısqa juwap tek <strong>not</strong> janapayı menen jasaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->Have you a dictionary? &ndash; No, I <strong>haven't (have not)</strong>.<br /> Sizde s&oacute;zlik bar ma? &ndash; Joq, joq.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>7. Awızeki s&oacute;ylewde <strong>to have</strong> feyili ornına h&aacute;zirgi m&aacute;h&aacute;lde <strong>have (has) got</strong> qollanıladı:</p>
<p>I have = <strong>I have got</strong> = <strong>I've got</strong></p>
<p>he (she) has = <strong>he (she) has got</strong> = <strong>he's got, she's got</strong></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>I've got</strong> a large library = I have a large library.<br /> Mende &uacute;lken kitapxana bar.<br /> <strong>Has</strong> he <strong>got</strong> a good dictionary? = Has he a good dictionary?<br /> Onıń jaqsı s&oacute;zligi bar ma?<br /> <strong>I haven't got</strong> an English dictionary. = I have no English dictionary.<br /> Mende inglisshe s&oacute;zlik joq.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eger tolıqlawısh betlik almasıǵınan jasalǵan bolsa, bolımsız g&aacute;plerde <strong>haven't, hasn't</strong> emes tek <strong>haven't got</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>hasn't got</strong> qollanıladı.</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>haven't got</strong> it.<br /> Ol mende joq.<br /> He <strong>hasn't got</strong> them.<br /> Olar onda joq.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>8. To have feyili qatar atlıqlar menen birigip keledi h&aacute;m &oacute;ziniń d&aacute;slepki <em>bar (iye) bolıw</em> m&aacute;nisin joǵaltadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->to have dinner &ndash; awqatlanıw<br /> to have a rest &ndash; dem alıw<br /> to have breakfast &ndash; azanǵı awqattı jew<br /> to have a walk &ndash; seyil etiw<br /> to have supper &ndash; keshki awqattı jew<br /> to have a smoke &ndash; shegiw<br /> to have a talk &ndash; s&oacute;ylesiw, s&aacute;wbetlesiw alıp barıw<br /> to have a quarrel &ndash; j&aacute;njellesiw<br /> to have a good time &ndash; waqıttı jaqsı &oacute;tkeriw<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>9. Joqarıdaǵı turaqlı s&oacute;zlerdiń soraw h&aacute;m bolımsız formaları <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde <strong>to do</strong> j&aacute;rdemshi feyili j&aacute;rdeminde jasaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->When do you have dinner?<br /> Qashan t&uacute;slik jeysiz?<br /> Did you have a good rest last summer?<br /> &Oacute;tken jazda jaqsı dem aldıńız ba?<br /> We didn't have supper at home yesterday.<br /> Biz keshe keshki awqattı &uacute;yde jemedik.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>10. <strong>To have </strong>feyili <strong>to</strong> janapaylı infinitiv penen kelip, qandayda bir sırtqı k&uacute;sh t&aacute;sirindegi z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti ańlatadı h&aacute;m <em>m&aacute;jb&uacute;r bolıw, tuwrı keliw</em> dep awdarıladı:</p>
<p><strong>have</strong></p>
<p><strong>has</strong></p>
<p><strong>had</strong></p>
<p><strong>shall have</strong></p>
<p><strong>will have + to + V</strong></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>have to get</strong> up early on Mondays.<br /> D&uacute;yshembi k&uacute;nleri men erte turıwıma tuwrı keledi.<br /> They <strong>had to go</strong> there.<br /> Olar ol jerge barıwǵa m&aacute;jb&uacute;r boldı.<br /> He <strong>will have to do</strong> it.<br /> Ol bunı islewge m&aacute;jb&uacute;r boladı.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eskertpe: <strong>Had</strong> <strong>to</strong> &oacute;tken m&aacute;h&aacute;lde orınlanıwı kerek bolǵan h&aacute;m orınlanǵan is-h&aacute;reketti ańlatadı.</p>
<p><strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerinde <strong>to have</strong> feyili z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti ańlatqanda soraw h&aacute;m bolımsız formaları <strong>to do</strong> j&aacute;rdemshi feyiliniń tiyisli formaları j&aacute;rdeminde jasaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Do</strong> you <strong>have to</strong> write this exercise?<br /> Bul shınıǵıwdı jazıwıńız kerek pe?<br /> You <strong>don't have</strong> <strong>to write</strong> this exercise.<br /> Sizge bul shınıǵıwdı jazıw sh&aacute;rt emes.<br /> <strong>Did</strong> they <strong>have to go</strong> there?<br /> Olar ol jerge barıwı kerek pe edi?<br /> They <strong>didn't have to go</strong> there.<br /> Olardıń ol jerge barıwına tuwrı kelmedi.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>11. Awızeki s&oacute;ylewde <strong>have</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>has</strong> ornına z&aacute;r&uacute;rlikti ańlatıwda <strong>have got, has got</strong> ta qollanıladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I<strong>'ve got (have got)</strong> to do it.<br /> Men bunı islewge m&aacute;jb&uacute;rmen.<br /> He<strong>'s got (has got)</strong> to write it.<br /> Ol bunı jazıwı kerek.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>12. <strong>To have</strong> feyili <strong>to have + atlıq</strong> (yamasa <strong>almasıq</strong>) + <strong>Past Participle</strong> birikpesinde qollanıladı h&aacute;m is-h&aacute;reket baslawısh t&aacute;repinen emes, al baslawısh ushın basqa adam t&aacute;repinen orınlanıwın ańlatadı:</p>
<p><strong>have</strong></p>
<p><strong>has</strong></p>
<p><strong>had + atlıq (almasıq) + P. P.</strong></p>
<p><strong>shall have</strong></p>
<p><strong>will have</strong></p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>have my hair cut</strong> at this hairdresser's.<br /> Men usı shasht&aacute;rezxanada shashımdı aldıraman.<br /> I <strong>had my watch repaired</strong> yesterday.<br /> Keshe men saatımdı ońlattım.<br /> I <strong>shall have the letters posted</strong> immediately.<br /> Men xatlardı d&aacute;rriw jibertemen.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Bul birikpede <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;lleriniń soraw h&aacute;m bolımsız formaları <strong>to do</strong> feyiliniń tiyisli formaları j&aacute;rdeminde jasaladı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Do</strong> you <strong>have your hair cut</strong> at this hairdresser's?<br /> Siz usı shasht&aacute;rezxanada shashıńızdı aldırasız ba?<br /> I <strong>don't have</strong> <strong>my hair cut</strong> at this hairdresser's.<br /> Men usı shasht&aacute;rezxanada shashımdı aldırmayman.<br /> <strong>Did </strong>you <strong>have the letters posted</strong> yesterday?<br /> Keshe xatlardı jiberttińiz be?<br /> I <strong>didn't have the letters posted</strong> yesterday.<br /> Men keshe xatlardı jiberttirmedim.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>13. <strong>To have</strong> feyili <strong>to have + atlıq</strong> (yamasa <strong>almasıq</strong>) + <strong>to + V</strong> birikpesinde qollanıladı h&aacute;m niyetti, maqsetti, q&aacute;lewdi ańlatadı:</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin-->I <strong>have something to tell</strong> you.<br /> Meniń sizge aytatuǵın g&aacute;pim bar.<br /> I <strong>have a new book to show</strong> you.<br /> Mende sizge k&oacute;rsetetuǵın jańa kitap bar.<br /> Soraw h&aacute;m bolımsız formaları <strong>to do</strong> feyilisiz jasaladı:<br /> <strong>Have</strong> you anything to tell me?<br /> Sizde maǵan aytatuǵın bir n&aacute;rse bar ma?<br /> <strong>I haven't</strong> anything to tell you.<br /> Mende sizge aytatuǵın hesh n&aacute;rse joq.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>
<p>Eskertpe: AQSHta <strong>to have</strong> feyiliniń <strong>Simple Present</strong> h&aacute;m <strong>Simple Past</strong> m&aacute;h&aacute;llerindegi soraw h&aacute;m bolımsız formaları <strong>to do</strong> feyiliniń formaları j&aacute;rdeminde jasaladı, Ullıbritaniyada da usıǵan beyimlik bar.</p>
<p><!--QuoteBegin--><div class="quote"><!--QuoteEBegin--><strong>Does</strong> he <strong>have</strong> a good library?<br /> Onda jaqsı kitapxana bar ma?<br /> I <strong>don't have</strong> anything to show you.<br /> Mende sizge k&oacute;rsetetuǵın hesh n&aacute;rse joq.<!--QuoteEnd--></div><!--QuoteEEnd--></p>]]></description>
<category><![CDATA[Grammatika]]></category>
<dc:creator>bekan</dc:creator>
<pubDate>Tue, 18 Feb 2025 19:57:53 +0000</pubDate>
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